Multipath channel impulse response is depicted by a very few significant non-zero taps that are widely separated in time. In this paper, different estimation and equalization techniques are discussed which exploit sparse nature of radio communication channels. Various channel estimation techniques are implemented, and a comprehensive comparative analysis is presented for sparse multipath channels. The metrics used for performances evaluation are Bit error rate (BER) and Normalized channel mean square error (NCMSE). Finally, a comparative analysis of adaptive estimation algorithms is demonstrated such as LMS, NLMS, and VSSLMS for both sparse and non-sparse multipath channels.
In this paper, a tunable antipodal Vivaldi antenna is presented for frequency scanning in UWB applications. The upper and lower patches of tapered slot antenna (TSA) consist of two different gradient edges from which frequency scanning function is obtained. Microstrip line of 50 Ω impedance is used for feeding the antenna. The tuning is achieved by varying the DC biasing of Ferrite substrate. The main beam of the E-plane radiation patterns at single operating frequency of 8 GHz, are -40°, 15 °, and -10 °, respectively, which clearly shows the frequency scanning function of the antenna.
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